Outsourcing model

English

Contractors are used by many departments to perform asset related work.  A set of policies and procedures to guide all contractor related work should therefore be developed for the whole organisation. At lower maturity levels the requirements are mainly driven by Finance from a financial control perspective. All contracts and contractors are also managed in the same fashion. At higher maturity levels contractors and contracts are categorised and managed accordingly. And the contracts are reviewed periodically.    

Before we carry on with managing contractors, first a quick look at some reasons for using contractors in the first place.The results shown here are from an AM outsourcing study conducted.  A number of organisations were asked to list the reasons why do they outsource certain AM work or functions. The 80% grouping lists the most popular reasons. Ask the delegates on the course to have a look at the 20% list. Although some of the reasons are very valid, some put forward are actually not good reasons for outsourcing.  See if the delegates can identify some of these reasons. [reduce management effort; reduce risk; reduce influence of trade unions]

As part of the study the organisations were also asked to comment on why they dont outsource certain AM work.  The reasons for keeping it in-house are as follows:

•Perceived benefit of running things in-house – driven by poor supplier management and bargaining or lack of real competition in service provision
•Activities/functions came as baggage after an acquisition or merger without proper consideration of its viability
•Pure size was a goal – driven by ego, regardless of the actual nature of the operations
•Some degree of vertical integration was pursued as manufacturers sought to control the value chain, often with good intentions at the time (reliability)
•Divisional heads were allowed to build empires without due regard to the true corporate goals and vision 

What are the criteria for making an outsourcing decision? Do we do it ourselves, or can we outsource?

外包模型The model presented here is a simple but effective example of the evaluation that should be considered prior to outsourcing work. The two criteria here are:

•Strategic or non-strategic

How important is this activity to the organisation in achieving long-term competitive advantage in its chosen marketplace?

•Competitive or non-competitive

How competitively (competently) is the function being performed compared to the external competitive marketplace?

Based on the outcomes of these answers, the following can be suggested:

•C, S

Retain the status quo

•N-S, N-C

Little value in investing to improve this function

Outsource these functions

•S, N-C

Should not outsource these functions in the long run

Instead, re-engineer to ensure that they are performed at a competitive cost, quality and speed

•N-S, C

Sell the function as a going concern

Extend the function to provide services to external clients

Outsource the function

Raise the profile of the function to turn it into a source of strategic competitive advantage  

Should all contracts or contractors be managed in the same fashion?

As with Material Management and Asset Care Plans, we often need to focus our attention to manage the most critical issues the best.  In the mentioned KPAs we classified spares and assets respectively in ABC groupings, and them developed an approach per group or ca承包商类型tegory. The same is recommended for contractors and contracts. Here this part introduces the concept of contractor categories, in this case 4 categories based on criticality and cost of service. The four categories created can be described as follows:

•Strategic

Provide high level goods, services or functionality that is not readily available from the market place

•Specialist

Also provides high level goods, services of functionality, but their importance is not apparent from relative low level expenditure

•Commodity

Expenditure may be high but the importance is low when the commodity is readily available

•Transaction

High number of contractors but low expenditure

Important to develop an approach per each of these categories.

Represented here is the typical outcome of grouping an organisation’s contractors/contracts among the categories. Take note that only 2% of the contractors/contracts fall within the strategic group, yet it accounts for 50% of the expenditure.

So where do you start managing contractors more closely?

You start by creating detailed procedures and requirements for the Strategic Group. Once under control, your attention can move to the Specialist or Commodity Groups. As for the transactional group – it only represent 5% of expenditure, so you should get away with limited controls without increasing your risk exposure.